Power-shovel.



E. J. ARMSTRONG.

POWER SHOVEL.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 23, m4.

Patented Dec. 14, 1915.

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EDWIN. J. ARMSTRONG, osnnrn, PENNSYLV NIA, ASSIGNOR To. BALLnNo-inn COMPANY, ornmn, PENNSYLVANIA, a CORPORATION. OF PENNSYLVANIA.

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Be it known that I, EDWIN J. A MSTRONG, a citizen of the United States, residing at Erie, in the county of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in Power-Shovels, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to power shovels and consists in certain improvements inthe construction thereofas will be. hereinafter fully described and pointed out i in the Y 'hng stem 18. V The lever 20 is pivoted at 22 claims.

In the use of powershovelsspecially those used for grading and similar purposes where it is desired to level the surface from which the excavation has been matlr to grade it is advantageous to have means whereby the path of the cutting edge of the dipper may be, so controlled as to. give to the finished. grade the uniform surface desired. It is also desirable that while the path of the dipper be limited in one direction soas to form this desired surface that the dipper be subject to manual control above this line so that it can be immediately lifted should it meet obstructions or foraother purposes. It is further desirable that the limitof the path of the dipper be capable ofvariation so that the resultant surface left by the excavation maybe level. or slightly arched, as for instance the slope of an ordinary street. The object of the present invention to accomplish these results. i Details of construction forming gturther objects of theinventionwill appearfrmn the specificationand claims. y l o p The invention is illustrated in theaccoulpauying drawings as follows 7 Figure 1 shows a side elevation ofthe front end of. the power shovel. Fig. 2 a diagram showing thezposition of the lip of the dipper, dipper stick and controlling mechanism at different positions. r

1 marks the shovel carriage 2 the turntable, 3 the boom and t the staylilor the boom. These are of ordinary construction. The dipperstick 5 is slidingly mounted in a yoke 6 (see dotted lines) in the usual man: ner. It has-the rack 7 meshing with a gear 3 8. The gear 8 is fixed on a shaft- 9 carried by a, bearing 10. The dipper 11 having a cutting lip 11 is carried by the dipper stick. A pulley block 12 is secured to the dipper and the cable 13 extends through the pulley block and overa pulley 1-l= at the upper end Specification of Letters Patent. P t t d Egg. 1a 1935 Application filed July 23,1914, Serial No. 2552;572.

otthe boom and back to the hoistiug r nism (not shown) ordinarily carried by the turntable. l) andmeshes with a gear 16. The gear 16 1s driven by the engine 17. Theenlv'ine is controlled through a controlling stem 18 operating on the usu'alvalve (not shown) of the engine. These parts are of the usual A gear is fixed on the shaft,

construction. A bracket .19 is mounted on" the engine and the controlling lever20 is plvotally connected at 21 with the controlon the bracket 19. The lever 20 is connected by a" link 23 with an operating lever 2 st.

The control of the dipper stick through the act1on' of the operating lever 2t is one of common practice that is to say, by handling the lever 24, the engine 17 may be,

driven ahead or reversed so as to elevateor depressthe dipper stickthrough the connecting gears, the gear 8 operating on the.

dipper stick is synchronously moved by means of the engine 17. 'lVith. a manual op eration, it is very ditlicult, if not impossible, for an operator to so control the speed of the engine asto give to the lip 11 of the dippera path of travel along apre-de'termined line so as to finish a grade as do sired. To accomplish this automatically, I provide the following mechanisim lirn extension 25 is arranged onv the Ieve'r'QO and connected with a link 26 by means of a pin 27. The link 26. has a roller 29 which eX-. tends over a cam surface 28 on a lever 30. The'lever 30 is pivotally mounted by means of a pin 31 on an arm 32 of a rock leveiythe rock lever being mounted by means of a pin 33 on the'bracket 19. The opposite arm 34 ofthe rock lever is connected by a pin with a link 36 and the link 86 is'pivotally connected with the dipper stick y a pin The link 36 has an extension 37 and this extension is connected to a link 38 by means of a pin 39. The link 38 extends to the cam lever 30 and is connected with the cam lever 30 bymeans of a pin 40. The link 26 is held in position laterally by a link -11 which is connected to a lever &2. The operation of l in a fixed position or its control was neutral,

operation is comparatively simple.

the controlling stem 18 many other positionv this part of the device is as follows: Starting with the dipper in the position shown in Fig. 1,the operator holding the lever 24:, the hoisting apparatus.actingon the cable 13 is started and the dipper stick starts on its outward travel. If the lever 2 f was maintained the dipper stickwould swing in the 'arc'of a circle with the axis of the shaft 9 as a center. The operator,exertsjpressure on the operating lever 2a in forward direction and this maintains the roll 29 in contact with the cam With v than neutral steam will be on the engine I ordinary well known manner.

to drive it either forward or backward in the The engine will only stop when this controlling stem has been brought to neutral position. By making a line which represents the desired grade from the point 11 and then placing this point at different points along this line, the cam 28 will be given various positions at each point. It is only necessary to shape this cam 28 so that at each point the roll 29 when resting on the cam will bring the controlling stem 18 to neutral. If, therefore, the point 11 on the dipper stick is above 'or below the predetermined line at any given point in its outward travel this will result in a positioning of the cam 28 below or above the point at which it will locate the roll 29 to bring the controlling stem 18 to neutral If the cam 28 is above this point then the controlling stem 18 andthe hand lever 24 will be forced to the left, and the engine will be turned to lift the dipper. As the dipper is lifted, however, it rocks the arm 2% lowering the cam 28. The operator exerting pressure on the lever 2 1 follows this lowering movement and this continues until the controlling stem 18 is brought to neutral and when it arrives at this position the engine stops. If the cam 28 is below the neutral position this will permit of a movement of the lever 2 1 to the right under the pressure of the operator and this will result in a lowering of the dipper until the cam 28 has been lifted sufficiently to bring the stem 18 to neutral. It will be understood that in the normal operation of the engine, however, there is not a successive sequence of move ments. The engine moves slowly or fastso as to maintain the cam 28 approximately at the neutral point. The slightest variation from this starts the engine one way or the other and thus the point 11 is maintained in The reason for this engages notches practically the pre-determined line, and this is accomplished without jar or shock, the

'- steam of the engine forming at all times a cushion. For instance when the operator lowersthe shovel to take a fresh out he 2 forces the lever 2% forward bringing the shovel down at top speed and the shovel is checked when 'it reaches the desired line with no further care on the part of the op erator. This checking is accomplished with speed at which the shovel may be operated.-

In thisway the lip of the dipper can be made *to'follow exactly the grade desired. At the same time, the operator has it in his power at any time to throw the lever 24- backward so as to lift the dipper. Thus, he can avoid obstructions such as large stones, or he can lift the dipper at any point in its travel where it is filled.

'Fig. 2 shows diagrammatically the position of the links and the controlling pins together with the cam surface 28in different positions in the travel of the dipper. It will be observed that the cutting lipv 11 describes a line X. In this diagram the dipper stick and controlling connections are shown in three different positions, the one in ordinary lines being that of Fig. 1 and the different pins and parts are given the same reference numerals. In the second position, the parts'are shown in dash lines and the pinsforming the connections are designated by the same numerals with the prime. In the thirdposition, the parts'are shown in double lines and the pins are designated by the same numerals with the eX- ponentfor index two. It will be noted that l the roller 29 with each position of the cam surface is at neutral, that is, the position shown in Fig. .1 with the cutting lip of the shovel. on the line X. It is sometimes desirable to change the predetermined line at X so as to give to the grade a pitch or slope as in grading a street. This may be accomplished inithe present device by shifting the link so as to shift the position of the roll 29. brought to neutral position only with a position of the lip 11 along the predetermined line having a slightpitch. The lever 42 is, therefore, adjustable. It has'a lip 43 which in a segment 4:5. shifting the lever 12, the predetermined line which will bring the controlling mechanism to neutral is shifted.

WV hat I claim as new is '1. In a power shovel, the combination of When this is done, the lever 20 is 1,163,633: i I g a boom; a dipper having a cutting. lip; a dipper stick on which the dipper is mounted, said stick having a sliding and pivotal con nection with the boom; mechanism for. swinging the stick on vthe pivotalconnec-i tion; mechanism for actuating the dipper stick in the sliding connection to effect a sliding movement ofthe stick synchronously with the swinging movement;a motor actuating one or" said mechanisms; and means controlling said motor and controlled; by.

' the movementof the other mechanismto automatically limit the dipper lip to a-predetermined line involving a synchronous, pivotal and slidingmovement of the dipper stick. i I

In a power shovel, the combination of sliding movement of the stick synchronouslywith the swinging movement; a motor actuating one of said mechanisms; and means controlling said motor and controlled'by the movement of theother mechanism to automatically limit the dipper lip to a predeter mined line involving a synchronouspivotal and sliding movement of the dipper stick, said means being free for manualoperation to move the dipper stick in one direction to control the dipper stick at points abovesaid line. H

In a power shovel, the combination of a boom; a dipper having acutting'lip; a

dipper stick on which, the dipper ismounted,

said stick having a sliding and pivotal connection with the boom; mechanism for swinging the stick on, the pivotal connection; mechanism for actuating. the: dipper stick in the sliding connection-to eifect a sliding movement of the stick synchronously with the swinging movement; amotor actuating one of said mechanisms; means con-. trolling said motor and controlled by the movement of the other mechanism to autoi'natically limit the dipper lip to a predetermined line involving a synchronous pivotal and sliding movement of the dipper stick; and apparatus for varying and controlling the means to vary the line through which the dipper lip moves.

l-. in a power shovel, the combination of a boom; a dipper having a cutting lip; a dipper stick on which the dipper is mounted, said stick having a sliding and pivotal connection with the boom; mechanism for swinging the stick on the pivotal connection; mechanism for actuating the dipper stick in the sliding connectionito efiect a sliding movement of the stick synchronously with the swinging movement; a motor ac-,

tuating one of said mechanisms; 113631180011- trolling said motor and controlled by the movement of the other mechanism to automatically limit the dipper lip to a predetermined line involving a synchronous pivotal and sliding movement of the dipper stick,

said means being free for manual operation to move the dipper stick in one direction to control the dipper stick at points above said 7 line; andapparatus for varying and controlling the means to vary the line through which the dipper hp moves.

it In a power shovel, the combinationoi a boom, a dipperhaving a cutting lip; a

dipper stick on which the dipper is mounted;

said, stickhavinga sliding and pivotal. 0011- f stick in the sliding connection to efiect a sliding movement of the stick synchronously with the swinging movement; a motor: actuating one of said mechanisms; and means controlling said motor and controlled by. the

movement of thedipper stick under the in fiuence of the other mechanism to automativnection with the boom; mechanism for swinging the stick on the pivotal connection; mechanism for actuating the dipper cally limit the dipper lip to a predetermined line involving a synchronous pivotal and sliding movement of the dipper stick:

6. In a power shovel, the combination of a i boom; a dipper having a cutting lip; a (1113 per stick on which the dipper is mounted, said stick having a sliding and pivotal connection with the boom; mechanism for swinging. the stick on the; (pivotal connection; mechanism for actuating the dipper i stick in the sliding connection to effect a sliding movement of the stick synchronously with the swinging movement; a motor actuating one of said mechanisms; means controlling said motor and controlled by the movement oi the Copper stick under the in- V fluence of the other mechanism, to automatn cally limit the dipper lip to a predetermined line involving a synchronous pivotal and slidingmovement of the dipper stick; and apparatus for varying and controlling the means to vary the line through which the dipper lip moves. I i a 7. In a powershovel, the combination of a boom; a dipper having a cuttinglip; a i

dipper stick on which the dipper is mounted,

said stick having a sliding and pivotal con nection with the boom; mechanism for v fluence of the other mechanism to automati-v,

cally limit the dipper lip to apredctermined lineinvolvinga synchronous pivotal and M i trolling the means to vary theline through sliding movement of the dipperstick said ieans'being free for manual operation to move the dipper stick on onedirection to control; the vdipper stick'at points above said llne; and apparatus for varying and 0011- which the dipper lip moves.

8. In a power shovel the combination of a boom; a dipper havlng a cutting 11p; a dipper stick on which the dipper is mounted;

said stickhaving a sliding and pivotal connection with the boom; mechanism for swinging the stick on the pivotal conncc tio'n; devices for actuating the-dipper stick in the sliding connection to effect a sliding movement of the sticksynchronously. with the swinging'movement'; a motor actuating said devices; and means controlling saidmotor and controlled by the movement of said devices 1n swinging the dipper stick to automatically limit the dipper 11p to a predetermined line involving a synchronous pivotal and stick; 7 9.5111 a sliding movement of the dipper power shovel the combination of a'boom; a dipper having a cutting lip; a

dipper stick on which the dipper is mounted, sald stick having a slidlng and pivotal con- -nection-with the boom; mechanism for the means to vary the line swinging the stick on the pivotal connection; devices for actuating the dipper stick in the sliding connection to effect a sliding movement of the stick synchronously with the swinging movement; a motor actuating or said devices; means controlling said motor and controlled by the movement of said devices in swinging the dipper stick to'automatically limitthe dipper lip ito a predetermined line involving a synchronous pivotal and sliding movement of the dipper stick; and apparatus for varying and controlling through which the dipper lip moves.

10. In a power shovel; the combination of 'a' boom; a dipper having a cutting lip; a

dipper stick on which the dipper is mounted, sald stick hav nga slidlng and pivotal connection with the boom; mechanism for' swinging the stick on the pivotal connection; devices for actuating thedipper stick in the sliding connectionto efiect a slldlng movement of the stick synchronously with the swinging movement; a motor actuating said devices; and means connected with the dipper stick and controlling said motor by. the swinging of the dipper stick to auto- 'tion; devices for actuating the dipper stick in the sliding connection to effect a sliding movement of the stick synchronously with the sw ngmg movement; a motor actuating said devices; means controlling said motor;

a link connection between said means and the dipper stick for automatically actuating said controlling means with a swinging movement of the dipper stick to carrythe dipper lip to a'predetermined line involving a synchronouspivotal andsliding movement or" the dipper stick; and apparatus for varying and controlling the means to vary the line through which'the'dipp'er lip moves.

7 12'. In a power shovel, the combination of a boom; a dipper having a cutting lip; a dipper stick on which the dipper is" mounted said stick having a sliding and pivotal connection with the boom; mechanism for swinging the stick on the pivotal connec-- tlon; mechanism for actu'atlng the dipperstick in the sliding connection to efieict a sliding movement oi'the stick synchronously" with the swinging'movement a motor actuating' one of said mechanisms; and means controlling said motor comprising acam acmated by the other of said mechanisms to automatically limit the' action of the controlling means to carry the dipper lip to a predetermined line involving a synchronous p'votal and sliding movement of the dipper stick I a 13. In a power shovel, the combination of boom; a dipper having a cutting lip; a dipper stick on which the dipper is mounted, said stick having a sliding and pivotal ated by' the other of said mechanisms to antomatica'llylimit the action of the controlling means to carry the dipper lip to a predetermined lineinvolving a synchronous pivotal and sliding movement of the dipper stick; and apparatus for varying the relation between said means and said cam to vary the line through which the dipper moves under the control of said controlling mechanisms. c t

14. In a power shovel,'the combination of a boom; a dipper having a cutting lip; a dipper stick on which the dipper is mount ed said stick having a sliding and pivotal connection'with the boom; driving mechanism for swinging the stick on the pivotal connection; devices for actuating the dipper stick'in the sliding connection to effect a sliding movement of the stick synchronously with the swinging movement; a motor for actuating said devices; a controlling mechanism for the motor comprising a swinging lever; a hand lever for actuating the swinging lever a link carried by the dipper stick; a rock arm connected to the link and actuated by the'movement of the dipper stick through the link on the dipper stick; a cam lever pivoted on the rock lever; a connection between the cam lever and the link on the dipper stick; and a link extending from the controlling lever to the cam lever.

15. In a power shovel, the combination of 1 a boom; a dipper having a. cutting lip; a dipper stick on which the dipper is mounted, said stick having a sliding and pivotal connection with the boom; a driving mechanism for swinging the stick on the pivotal connection; devices for actuating the dipper stick in the sliding connection to effect a sliding movement of the stick synchronously with the swinging movement; a motor for actuating said devices; a controlling mechanism for the motor comprising a swinging lever; a hand lever for actuating the swinging lever; a link carried by the dipper stick; a rock arm connected to the link and actuated by the movement of the dipper stick through the link on the dipper stick; a cam lever pivoted on the rock lever; a connection between the cam lever and the link on the dipper stick; a link extending from the controlling lever to the cam lever; and means for swinging the link between the controlling lever and the cam lever to vary the relation between the controlling mechanism and the action of the dipper stick.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

EDWIN J. ARMSTRONG. Witnesses:

B. M. HARTMAN, THOMAS C. MILLER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. O. 

